The growth of commercial agriculture and its consequences in the second half of Qajar Era; case study: Ghaenat Velayat

The changes those occurred in the second half of Qajar Era in the economy of Iran, changed many fields of the country. Agriculture also influenced by those changes, like other economical and social fields of the country.To survey on the influence of economical changes of Ghaenat in the second half of Qajar Dynasty on the agriculture of this Velayat and its consequences is the problem of this research.Due to this research after the development of domestic and foreign trade in the end of nineteenth and the beginning of twentieth century, the Ghaenat remote and border Velayat turned to a hub in the trade of Russia, Britain India and Iran in the eastern part of country. Thus the agriculture of Velayat experienced of the process of commercialization. Increase in the production of export products like Opium, Saffron and Silk, and in the other hand, decrease in the production of essential products like Wheat and Barley were one of the character of this new process.