Instruction of the functional recognition and translation of the particle " vav" in Arabic texts

For any particle in the original language, there are several equivalents in target language with different functions and translations. One of the difficulties that Arabic language novices confront with is the selection of equivalent and function of that particle from the mass of functions which comes to readers› mind. The particle “vav” in Arabic is considered as the most frequent one, as it could be a case assigner or not, it could come before a verb and also before a noun, it could assign different functions and cases to its following word, and creates new meaning beyond the relations between independent words. One property of the particle ‘vav’ is relating different meanings and connecting those meanings that are irrelevant to each other. “Vav” in its simplest meaning is the conjunction that comes between two items to put them under one form and case. As it is untilized in various forms and meanings, in this paper we decided to study different kinds of “vav”, and then deal with their classification and instruction. In this research, we considered Koran as the main source of case and exercise. The results of this research could help the writers of Koran and Arabic textbooks in exact and careful classification of the instruction of the particle «vav» and its different types, avoidance of its misuse and the appropriate application of it. Also, findings could familiarize teachers with different applications of particles in textbooks and could help them to instruct the rules fluently and easily.