Relationship between Serum Lipids in 13-23 Weeks of Pregnancy and Abnormal Glucose Challenge Test

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates 3-5% of all pregnancies. Glucose Challenge Test (GCT) is a universal screening test for GDM between 24-28 of gestation. Plasma glucose is measured 1 hr after ingestion of 50g glucose load. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of plasma lipids in 13-23 weeks of pregnancy with abnormal GCT (Glucose Challenge Test). This prospective longitudinal study was carried out during 2010-2011. The subjects comprised 575 pregnant women aged 18-35 years old who had referred to two health centers (Kosar and Shahid Soleymani) in Shahr rey –Tehran. The subjects were followed until their 24-28 weeks of gestation. Maternal plasma lipid concentrations were measured at 13-23 weeks of gestation and then all participants were screened at 24-28 weeks of gestation with GCT. A value over 140mg/dl in GCT was considered positive. Logistic Regression analyses confirmed that triglyceride (TG) concentration (OR=1. 005، 95% CI= 1. 001-1. 010) associated with abnormal GCT. No evidence of association was found between GCT risk and plasma concentrations of other lipids (i. e.، total cholesterol، high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein). In ROC curve analysis، the TG cut-off point in abnormal GCT was 142. 5 mg/dl (with 61. 3% sensitivity، 60. 1% specificity، 73% PPV and 74. 63% NPV). The findings of this study imply that TG level at 13-23 weeks of pregnancy can be considered as a predictor factor for abnormal GCT.