Social and Cultural Factors Influencing Family Violence in Tabriz

The purpose of the present research is to investigate and identify the effect of demographic, economic, social, and cultural factors in describing family violence. In other words, in this research an attempt is made to answer the question "Why is violent behavior seen in some families? " Therefore, the research hypotheses have been based on three theoretical perspectives of social psychology; i.e., the psychoanalytic approach, the behavioristic approach, and cognitive approach as well as the previous studies in order to describe family violence. The data needed for testing the hypotheses were collected through a questionnaire and probability proportionate to size sampling (PPS) from a sample of 384 persons in Tabriz. The exploratory factor analysis was used to categorize the factors related to family violence, and cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the items. In order to test the hypotheses, pearson's correlation coefficient, t-test, and one-way variance analysis were used. Finally, to show the social factors affecting family violence, multiple regerssion was used. The results obtained from the research indicate that family violence has a significant relation with the family type, marriage type, socio-economic status, job status, level of education, age, and religious beliefs. Matherial & In the present research which is of correlation one with quantitative method, the Survey method has Utilized in order to determine family violence rate and collection of necessary data to test hypothesizes that is cross-sectional and blind as well as to the domain, Small and of operational type. Statistical society and sampling The statistical society of the present research, is persons above 15 years old resident in Tabriz that based on latest statihstic of Iran statistical center were 733.208 persons in midyear 1384. The Sample selection method based on mass i.e pps was Used to Sampling which is multistep cluster sompling as called sampling with probability according mass. (Beby, 1384: 460). Sample mass determination: The Cocran formula with estimation accuracy d=0.05 and variance maximum has Used to Calclate Sample mass and about 384 persons was selected as sample. (Rafie poor, 1377, 383) Data collection In the present research, the documental studies (taking card) has used to review resume problem nature and related descriptions as well as the necessary data has collector on utilized theory frames and hypothesizes test by questionnaire. Discussion of Result & Conclution: The main aim was demonstration of family violence and review of effective social factors role on it. Thus, in the findings of the present research which was conducted as survey was determind that the violenve rate among foregoing persons oquals to 27.74 with standard deviation of 20.90 that was obtained of data which were minimum zero to maximum 96.06 from 100. While such violence rate is so lower than moderate on, it could be said that, violence is in optimum level within Tabriz families. Also, the resultant findings indicate that, the highest violence within Tabriz families was related to economical violence at 34.04 with standard deviation 27.41 (from minimum zero to maximum 100) and it’s lowest related to regional Violence at 15.53 with standard deviation (from minimum zero to maximum 100). Now, we indicate theses two cases (i.e. economical violence and regional Violence) It seems in hieh economical violence rate, one of it’s main factors is social economy conditions and wealthy distribution system, which on the one side caused to revenue limitation most of peoples and on the other side led to inflation and costliness dong with noble values and wastage spirt as well as prodigality of rich which within low and middle classes of sacity conduce to feelings of false demands. The double economical pressure created persons and led to tension and conflict between family members. Also, Lowering of regional violence would be significant white regard to regional beliefs and ideas of studied persons. Though middle score of regional belifs shows that they have higher religional beliefs than moderate one. In result, could be said that because of these persons beliefs in the studied families, the regional violence is low.