Pessimism in Elias Abu-Shabaka & Hushang Ebtehaj's Poetry (A Comparative Study)

Pessimism، a phenomenon of deep effect over the contemporary poetry، both Arabic and Persian، usually enjoys a widespread usage in the periods of social، political and economic disorders which، in turn، affect the poets’ views and change their visions toward the Real. Elias Abu-Shabaka and Hushang Ebtehaj are the poets of a modern disorderly era and environment. They both display a deep pessimistic view in their poetry towards the society and human beings. This research aims at analysis and comparison of their dark viewpoints in various topics and situations، and tries to find the factors which led to this specific vision. key words