Treatment results of combined platelet-rich plasma and fat injection in patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency

Velopharyngeal insufficiency causes hypernasal vocal quality and can also result in audible nasal air emission and difficulty in producing pressure consonants. The resulting speech is often socially unacceptable and can be difficult to understand. Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous derivative of whole blood. Today، the importance of clinical use of Platelet-rich plasma in the plastic surgery is considered. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined Platelet-rich plasma and fat injection in the treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency. In this prospective clinicaltrial study، of 15 patients including 9 males and 6 females and aged 15-20 years with mild/ moderate velopharyngeal insufficiency who were injected with 5 mL of combined Platelet-rich plasma (1 mL) and fat (4 mL) in the front volume in the posterior pharyngeal wall in the pre-vertebral fascia under sedation. Speech samples were recorded by nasoendoscopy before the injection، and at 6 weeks and 6 months after the injection. Assessment of pathologic speech was done by speech therapist. Velar displacement showed significantly increased at 6 weeks after the injection (P=0. 049). Velopharyngeal gap disappeared in 60% of patients at 6 weeks after the injection (P=0. 019). Lateral pharyngeal wall movement showed significantly increased in 73. 3% of the patients at 6 months after the injection (P=0. 04). After the treatment، aerodynamic assessment showed significantly decreased in nasal air escape during phonation and repeat the words (P<0. 05). Assessment speech therapist showed significantly improve quality of phonation in these patients (P<0. 05). It seems that، combined Platelet-rich plasma and fat injection lead to improve voice resonance and reduce nasal air escape in all treated cases. It can be a promising alternative to major procedures، such as velopharyngoplasties، for the treatment of mild/ moderate velopharyngeal insufficiency.