Anesthetic effects of clove oil essence loaded on the iron nanoparticles in Angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare)

In the present study fifty number angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare) with a mean length of 5. 8±0. 3 cm in 26±2ºC، and pH=7±1 randomly allocated in five groups. Fish of four groups were anesthetized with 12، 25، 50، and 100ppm clove (Eugenia caryophillata) oil essence loaded on iron nanoparticles by immersion method، and fifth group as indicator were anesthetized by 50 ppm clove oil. Loss of equilibrium، light anesthesia، regaining equilibrium and complete recovery times were precisely recorded. Statistical analysis showed that minimum dose required for induce aneasthesia by clove oil loaded on the iron nanoparticles was 12 ppm in angel fish at recommended time (maximum time for induce aneasthesia: 3 min). The time of complete recovery in this dose was about 5 min. Fish behaviors monitoring at 96 hours after anesthesia demonstrated clove oil loaded on iron nanoparticles is safe for angel fish، Because in this study revealed no abnormalities such as apparent changes (color change)، behaviors changes (ataxia) and tachy ventilation.