Induction of Differentiation and Cell Death of the Derivative of 4-aryl-4H-Chromenes Family on NB4 Human Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line

Chromene derivatives are able to growth inhibition and induce apoptosis in different cell types. In this study، we reported a derivative of 4-aryl-4H-chromenes with differentiation and apoptotic activity against NB4، Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) cell. Matherial and The cells were seeded in 24-well plates at 1×105 cells/well and treated with 1−12 nM of the 2-amino- 4- (3-bromo 4، 5 dimethoxy – phenyl) -3- cyano -7- (dimethylamino) -4H-chromene (3-BMPC). This compound inhibited growth and viability of the cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. 3-BMPC was found to be highly active growth inhibitor with IC50 of 3 nM (72 h) as determined by trypan blue exclusion test. Wright-Giemsa staining and latex particle phagocytosis assay were used to study differentiated cells. Apoptosis was also detected by fluorescent microscope and DNA fragmentation assay. Results indicated that at low concentrations (3 nM) and after 48 h of treatment، NB4 cells were differentiated to monocyte/macrophage lineage. Results of Hoechst 33258 staining also revealed that the compound induced apoptosis at respective IC50 value after 72 h of treatment. Regarding these results، this compound can be proposed as effective agents for more investigation in leukemia treatment