Cerebral damagesinduced epsilateral common carotid occlusion and their improvement by using multipotential adipose-drived stem cells

Adipose-derived cells are immature and transformed cells which can in specific conditions, play different roles such as providing a source of stem cells for treatment of damages and injuries. The aim of this study was to determine therapeutic effects of human adipose-derived stem cells on cerebral cortex injury in cerebral ischemic rats.

The present study included 30 male Wistar rats. The cases were divided into three groups. For experimental and sham groups, the right Carotid stroke was occlused by Common Carotid Artery occlusion (CCA) for 30 minutes in 100-150 g male Wistar rats. Seven days after surgery, the rats were divided into two groups to receive intravenously either BrdU positive human adipose stem cells [(2×105 cells in 1ml saline, n=10) as experimental group] or the same amount of saline [as sham group (n=10)]. There was also one group (control) without any surgery or injections. The animals were evaluated for 14 days to test movement disorders by limb placing and corner turn tests. Transplanted stem cells were detected by immunohistochemistry.

The results demonstrated that the injected ASCs were settled in the injured area of the brain and helped to improve the movement's disorders due to bleeding, in the experimental groups (P<0.05), which was better, compared to the sham group. The data also revealed that size of damaged region in brain of experimental group was decreased significantly.

It is concluded that the adipose stem cell's transplantation has a beneficial influence on brain tissue reparation after hypoxic ischemic cell's death, especially in the hypothalamic area and cortical region.