Analytical model of sustainable building density (Case study: Urmia city, Region 1, (Confine St.Daneshkade)

Today achieving in sustainable development and appropriate and optimum building density in cities is necessary for urban development in order to improve the quality of life and boost urban environment, fair usage of urban services and prevent from different problems. Increasing urban population, source restriction and necessity of rational usage of current amenities make the importance of attention to density in cities twice. Because building and population densities determination are one of the most important planning measures to equilibrate and create ordinary in complex urban systems. The main goals of this study have been include: recognition measures and effective factors on building density in different aspects of economic, social, environmental and physical, and studying in interconnection between them and sustainable urban development measures in order to determine analyze model of sustainable building density and examining it in part of Region 1 in Urmie City. To reach these goals, analyze study method has been used and required information has been collected by documental study and survey, so 1071 residential and 250 non-residential buildings have been studied by census method. Factor Analyze and SWOT Technique have been used to analyze the data. Factor Analyze helps with discovering hidden relation between indicators and determination of their correlation rate together and giving them weight based on importance and analyzing data by SWOT Technique makes them possible to reality study the results of Factor Analyze in case study. Notification to the results of these techniques both together made the determination of appropriate range of building density possible per each block. Evaluations and analyzing results show that the average of the whole predicted building density for case study in Urmie city is more than the current building density and there is ability to increase building density in this district, but this point should be noticed that appropriate building density distribution in the district is with considering the characteristics of different parts of the region, because at this moment unproportioned increasing building density procedure with sustainable development principles cause creating inhomogeneous building densities. Also index evaluation results show the correlation an effectiveness of optimum building density with physical and economic indicators. On the other hand, the study results show that the district problems about uncertainty of sustainable building density are include: lack of attention to environmental characteristics, inappropriate population and family distributions, high building density centralization in some areas, lack of consideration to neighbors’ rights, lack of green space, lack of attention to neighboring, ignoring culture and resident most pattern and finally lack of consideration to physical rules and regulations.