Nutritional Status of Women with Gestational Hypertension Compared to Normal Pregnant Women

Some evidence have indicated the role of nutrition in the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. So، the aim of this observational study was to compare the intakes of energy and nutrients of women who developed gestational hypertension with healthy pregnant women. This case-control study was performed on 113 women with gestational hypertension and 150 healthy pregnant women referring to Shahid Akbarabadi Hospital of obstetrics and gynecology located in south of Tehran from January through May 2011. All subjects were interviewed for demographic information، and the dietary intakes of participants were assessed by Validated Semi-quantitative food frequency. Student’s t test and Mann-whitney U test were used to compare quantitative variables between groups and X2 test for qualitative variables. Finally logistic regression analysis was utilized to find the association of energy and nutrients intakes with gestational hypertension. Intakes of energy (OR=1. 38; 95% CI: 1. 19-1. 59)، mono unsaturated fatty acids (OR= 1. 35; 95% CI: 1. 06-1. 71) and poly unsaturated fatty acids (OR= 1. 28; 95% CI: 1. 01-1. 64) showed a significant positive association with developing gestational hypertension. In addition، results of the present investigation revealed a somewhat lower risk of gestational hypertension with higher intakes of vitamin C (OR= 0. 88; 95% CI: 0. 82-0. 94)، potassium (OR= 0. 45; 95% CI: 0. 29-0. 71) and magnesium (OR= 0. 64; 95% CI: 0. 49-0. 84). This study demonstrated higher intakes of energy، mono unsaturated fatty acids and poly unsaturated fatty acids and lower intakes of vitamin C، potassium and magnesium are possible risk factors for developing gestational hypertension.