The effect of consecutive stimuli method (blocked, random) on explicit and implicit of visual motor sequences learning
Author(s):
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of focus of attention and somato-sensory manipulation on postural control in older people. For this purpose 34 older men (mean of age = 70. 7) were selected and divided into 2 groups (external and internal) randomly. The task consists of performing balance task on Biodex system in three condition of normal، on foam، and on inflatable cushions. External group were instructed to focus on a picture located 6 meters from them and internal group were instructed to focus on their ankle muscles. Biodex Postural Stability System was used for measuring the subjects` balance. Overall، Medio-Lateral، and Anterior-Posterior indexes were recorded for each subject. Results demonstrated that the internal focus of attention had no significant effect on all postural indexes in three conditions (p>. 05); but External focus of attention had significant effect in conditions of standing on foam، and on inflatable cushions (p<. 01). Also external focus of attention was more effective in challenging condition (p<. 01). In total، this study showed that external focus of attention can reduce postural sway and improve balance consequently. These results are in line with Constrained Action Hypothesis. Due to this hypothesis external focus of attention results in more automatic movements and allows fast unconscious and reflective processes to control movement and improve performance and learning consequently.
Keywords:
Language:
Persian
Published:
Motor Behavior, Volume:5 Issue: 14, 2014
Pages:
67 to 90
https://www.magiran.com/p1232288