Frequency ofantibodies againstbloodgroup antigens in patient ofGhaem hospital- Mashhad

Most blood group alloantibodies are generated by mismatched transfusion as the result of foreign erythrocyte antigen exposure to the immune system. This study was done to determine the frequency of blood group alloantibodies in patients who admitted in Ghaem hospital of Mashhad-Iran. This cross sectional study was done on 525 patientsin Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The ABO and Rh Blood groups were typed by two methods of cell type and back type. Red blood cell alloantibodies were detected in patients'' serum by screen antibody kit. All data recorded in computer and analyzed by SPSS version13. 296 of 525 patients were male and 229 of them were female. Red cell antibodies were detected in 48 patients consisting one autoantibody and 47 alloantibodies. Warm allantibodies found in 11 patients and cold alloantibodies detected in 36 patients. Higher frequency of all immunization was observed in female in compare to male. This study demonstrates the relationship between the type of blood group and existence of cold alloantibody. The higher frequency of cold alloantibodies was in people with B blood group type.