The role of SNP in fibroblast collagenase gene with increasing of metastasis risk and viability reduction in breast cancer patients

Today، role of cancer stem cells as a basic and original factor in cancer metastasis is discussed. Cancer stem cells secret different materials such as protease enzymes. Interstitial collagenase or fibroblast collagenase is a member from large family of protease enzymes destroying basic membrane and extracellular matrix. Therefore، it is not only facilitates progression of cancer cells but also having key role in cancer cell viability through releasing of growth and angiogenesis factors. Insertion of a guanine nucleotide at the position of -1607 introduces a binding site for ETS transcriptional factor in the promoter of the gene. Binding ETS to the 2G polymorphism allele would be increased expression of fibroblast collagenase gene which it could be progressed releasing of cancer stem cells، and therefore، it could be facilitated metastasis. Goal of this study is valuation of association between the 2G/1G polymorphism with progression and metastasis of breast cancer، and also patient viability. Blood samples of 200 cases and 100 controls were collected from two capital cities، Tehran and Isfahan; equally. Samples were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. Statistical analyses show that 2G/2G genotype frequency is much more in cases rather than controls (29. 5% compare with 23%). Patients were divided into two groups of with metastatic activity (M+) and without metastatic activity (M-). The 2G/2G genotype was more frequent in M+ group compared with control group (OR = 2. 03، CI95% = 1. 05–3. 94). In next step، patients without metastasis were followed up for 32 months. Three years total viability analyses in patients who carrying the 2G/2G genotype in comparing with other patients showed no significantly difference. However rate of cancer special viability and viability without disease in the two groups were statistically significant. In conclusion، to our knowledge، the present epidemiological study for the first time indicates that the 2G/2G genotype polymorphism could be a facilitated factor for progression and metastasis of breast cancer and causing of viability reduction in patients.