Spatial analysis and optimal site selection of urban parks with using GIS (Case study: urban parks of abadeh city)

Industrial development and population increase in the cities have resulted in beneficiary construction. In such construction activities health issues and providing minimum light in condensed urban areas is ignored. On the other hand necessity for providing urban applications for meeting the ever growing needs and inhabiting population results gradually in reduction of green areas and cities gardens، in consequently results in contamination of the environment city parks as one of the most important city applications have a prominent role in the reduction of air population; also they are important in enhancing life quality of city residents. The number of parks and their location and distribution is important as they must be accessible for all citizens. This is one of the most discussed issues in city planning.

For identifying suitable locations for parks in legal zone of ABADEH city، first important influential variables on finding locations for city parks were suited. For doing so، 12 layer of information including population، location of current parks، location relative to inhabited zones، location of centers which attract population such as commercial centers were extracted by DWG format from current application plan of lands in the city. Because these information layers do not have equal influence on determining suitable locations and also their sub-layers don’t have equal importance، thus in the present study for each layer and its sub-layers regarding its type and its application analytical hierarchy process were applied.

By combining variables and sub-variables in GIS environment، lands in the city were categorized based on their appropriateness for constructing park. They were classified in five groups as very high، high، middle، low and very low. In 745 hectare of the studied area 36. 73 hectares of the lands had very high appropriateness and 208. 75 had very low appropriateness. Parks in ABADEH were dividing into three groups as neighborhoods، local and regional. Their functions were also calculated. Kodak garden is a neighborhood park، MELI BAGH is a local park and SAR ASIAB and City Park are regional parks. According to the available rules، extent of function of each kind of park according to the distance which is walked by a person is calculated as following: Neighborhood Park 500 meters، Local Park 750 meter and Regional Park 1000 meter. Network analysis in arc GIS software was applied in order to obtain extent and function and their functional zones were drawled by calculating the distance which a person had walked.

Analysis results related the current conditions of parks of ABADEH shows that space distribution of parks is in a way that they are not easily accessible for citizens. The major part of this city lake city park. In the present study first lands of the city was assessed in order to identify good location for parks. From 746 hectares of land in legal region of the city which was studied، 209 hectares were very unsuitable، 270 hectares were unsuitable and finally 37 hectares were very suitable. This new classification was used for locating zones for new parks and for identification of the extent of function of these parks. Network analysis in GIS was used for locating new zones. Totally 16 city park in neighborhood، local and regional scale were suggested. Space distribution of current parks in according to maximal efficient accessibility of them for citizens.