Cytotoxic Effects of Extract and Essential oil Leaves of Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch on Colon Cancers Cells

Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch, was used in traditional medicine such as anti-inflammation, antispasmodic and gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to survey the cytotoxic effects of methanol and essential oil of leaf aerial parts of Achillea wilhelmsii on HT-29 cell line. Achillea wilhelmsii was collected from around sharekord. Dried aerial parts of the plant for 3 days at room temperature. Dried herb powder was extracted by methanol. After preparing extract and essential oil 12.5, 25, 50, 100 μg/ml concentration for extract and 2, 3.2, 4, 4.8, 5.6, 7.2, 16, 24, 32, 40 μg/ml concentration for essential oil on the cells were evaluated for 48 hours. Cytotoxic effects of Achillea wilhelmsii extract essential oil against cancer cells was measured by MTT method. The results by using SPSS. The results show that, the extracts methanolic and essential oils has cytotoxic effects on HT-29 cell line. The findings suggest that the essential oil has a more powerful effect than the methanolic extract of leaf due to existence phenolic compounds, especially flavonoids has an inhibitory effect on the HT29 cell line but essential oil of leaf due to existence monoterpene compound such as -Pinene and 1,8 Cineole, has a potent inhibitory on HT29 cell line.