Phytochemical evaluation of Verbascum cheirantifolium shoot (flower, leaf, and stem) essences of in Dena mountain slopes in Iran

Nowadays, curing diseases by means of medicinal plants is a challenging and significant issue. The present study aimed at exploring the chemical compounds in shoot essences (i. e. flower, leaf, and stem) of Verbascum cheirantifolium. Shoots were collected separately from the main habitats of the plant in the mountain slopes of Dena in Kohgyluyeh and Buyerahmad province during July 2011. After drying the shoots in shadow, their essences were extracted via digestion method. The chemical compounds of extracts were analyzed and identified by means of a gaseous chromatography instrument which was equipped with mass spectrometer (GC-MS). On the whole, 18, 16, and 18 compounds were respectively identified in the essences obtained from flower, leaf, and stem organs. The main substances identified in flower extracts included butyl ester, botanoic acid (35. 29%), 1-Tert-buthoxy-5-trimethylsilyloxypentane (18. 82), and exo-cyanobicyclo [3. 2. 2] nona-3, 6-dien-2-one (11. 16،%). The highest amount of compounds in leaf essence belonged to butyl ester, butanoic acid (31. 38%), 1, 1-dibutoxy (16. 76%), octal ester, 2, 2-dimethyl-, and Propionic acid (10. 25%). The highest amount of substance in stem essences belonged to butyl ester, butanoic acid (33. 2%), 2, 5-difluoro, Benzamine, (16. 49%), and 8. exo. -cyanobicyclo [3. 2. 2] nona-3, 6-dien-2-one (9. 61%). Generally speaking, the results indicated that the compounds in leaf and stem organs were more diverse in comparison to those in the follower. Butyl ester and butanoic acid were the most significant and the highest amount of compound in all three organs under study.