Investigating the antimicrobial effects of the ethanol extract of hazelnut (Corylus avellana) leaf and shatons on a number of natural and planted habitats

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) is native of Europe, Middle Asia, and Caucasus. Hazelnut tree cultivation has always been common and has witnessed an increase since the fourteenth century in Europe and gradually became popular in the Mediterranean countries. The Romans and Greeks used hazelnut for curing diseases and knew its nutritional values. The cultivation of this plant has been common in Iran from a long time. From botanical perspective, its origin dates back to the Neolithic geological age but the exact time of its cultivation is unknown. The present experiment explores the effect of the ethanol extract of the leaves and shatons of hazelnut on eight bacteria including: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Yersinia enterocolitica. The effect of extracts was compared with the impact of two antibiotics. Analyzing the antimicrobial effect of the ethanol extracts of shatons and leaves in various habitats indicated that there was a significant difference between the habitats. The extracts obtained from the leaves contained stronger antimicrobial traits in comparison to the shaton. The planted trees had greater antimicrobial qualities compared to the natural ones in the forest.