Effect of different irrigation and planting methods on water use effeciency and some seed yield characteristics in three pinto common bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

In order to study the effect of surface and local irrigation (Tape) methods on yield and water use efficiency of three common bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in different planting patterns, a split split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Khoramdareh region, Iran in 2011 and 2012. Khomain, Talash and COS16 cultivars were planted in sub sub plots, furrow and without furrow were placed in sub-plots and surface and local irrigation (Tape) methods were considered as levels of the main factor. Results showed that tape irrigation increased seed yield up to 28% in comparison to the surface irrigation in pinto common bean cultivation. Khomain and COS16 produced 36% and 32% more yield than Talash cultivar, respectively. It was duo to higher seed number per plant in COS16 and higher 100 seed weight of Khomain cultivar. COS16 showed a better response to local irrigation and furrow planting pattern, because it has type I (erect type) growth form. The response of cultivars to irrigation methods and planting patterns was different, so that the highest seed yield was obtained from Khomain cultivar with tape irrigation and without furrow (3329.8 kg/ha), Khomain cultivar with tape irrigation and furrow (3020 kg/ha) and COS16 cultivar with tape irrigation and furrow (3010.4 kg/ha). The highest value for water use efficiency 1.12 kg/m3) was obtained by local irrigation (Tape). In tape irrigation method, volume of used water was 32% lesser than the surface irrigation and seed yield was increased more than 28%. All cultivars produced higher yield in tape irrigation method, but they showed different responses to the planting pattern.