Cytogenetical evaluation of canola cultivars and two wild species of Brassica

Identification and evaluation of intrageneric Brassica species will be useful to identified valuable genes and traits and finally transfere of them into cultivated varieties. Cytogenetical methods such as chromosomal staining and banding are very important tools to use in different science branches including biology، plant breeding، animal breeding and biotechnology. In order to evaluate of cytogenetical characteristics of canola، wild hoary mustard and wild cabbage this study was conducted genetic lab. of Yasouj university. The cytogenetical results revealed high intraspecific similarity among genotypes of all three studied species. Different spring and winter canola cultivars showed no significant for total relative length of chromosomes، and for most of other measured chromosomal characters. Hoary mustard genotypes showed no significant differences for all chromosomal characters except for relative length of short arm of chromosome 3. This result clearly showed less cytogenetical variation among hoary mustard genotypes collected from different part of Iran. Also two wild cabbage genotypes indicated significant differences only for relative total length of chromosome 7 and for relative length of short arm of chromosome 6. The results of analysis variances and cluster analysis for intra-chromosomal symmetry index (A1)، inter-chromosomal symmetry index (A2)، total form percentage (TF)، differences between relative length of the longest and the shortest chromosomes (DRL) and somatic chromosomal number revealed interspecific similarity، indicating crossability among selective genotypes. Sowing date and species type had high effect on flowering date. So، sowing date adjustion could be very important factor to synchronize flowring date.