Gully erosion in the catchment area of Deira using climate indices

Gully formation is always accompanied by erosion and land transformation which produce a significant amount of sediment, cause land degradation, destruction of roads and irrigation networks and dam overflow. Climatic situation of the area is one of the most influential elements in formation of gullies. The present article seeks to investigate gully erosion and formation of gullies in Dire basin in Gilan-e gharb which is one of the main agricultural centers of Kermanshah province. In this regard, 5 climatic indicators are applied. These indicators include hydrothermal coefficient, Ws coefficient or the amount of humidity in formations, Sepaskhah model, Arnoldos model, and second model of Fournier. Hydrothermal and Ws coefficients indicate high sensitivity and very high potential in gully formation. Moreover, the other third models which apply climatic factors to estimate the amount of produced sediments indicate that 27.24818 ton erosion has happened across the area. This volume of erosion plays a significant role in gully formation.