The methodology of Imamia's philosophical Kalam in the Era of Shia Imam's presence

In Kalam, like other sciences, the methodology plays an important role. Among Kalam methodologies, deductive method is of lofty place. Considering the authority of Shia Imams’ speeches, traditional Kalam reached much more attention in the era of Imams’ presence. That is why the deductive methodology of the era has much less investigated. Categorizing the era of presence, the article tries to analyze methodologically features and types of speculative kalam and introduces the foremost theologians among Imam’s companions.