The Islamic Methodological Paradigm of Human Sciences

The realization of human sciences is based on two main subjects: first, the methodological subject that means to design a model and formulate the paradigm parameters of human sciences from viewpoint of Islamic thought; second, the theorizing that is necessary for understanding and explaining of social reality. In this paper, the first subject, designing of a model and formulating the paradigm parameters of human sciences from Islamic view, will be discussed. In the methodology of human sciences, it is mentioned that each science has some fundamental ontological, anthropological, epistemological, and methodological assumptions. The epistemic system that resulted from those assumptions and entitled theoretical system, theoretical viewpoint, or paradigm, is one of the most important issues in the methodology of each science. The questions are these: what is the role of a paradigm in the methodology of human sciences? Which paradigm is an Islamic paradigm of human sciences? What is(are) the difference(s) between an Islamic paradigm of human sciences and a non-Islamic paradigm of human sciences? Because this paper has been applied the methodology of thematic commentary, its technique is text analysis. In the text analysis or according to Maurice Duverger, classic methodology, first, some questions are raised and then the answers are founded in the text. In the methodology of text analysis, there is a bilinear relationship between a reference to the text and a conclusion on each subject. It means that finding the answers begins with raising the questions and after studying the text, some parts may change the meaning of the other parts. As a result, the paradigm parameters of human sciences from Koranic view are divided into two groups: the first group called worldview consists of some ontological and anthropological assumptions; the second group called meta-theory includes some epistemological and methodological assumptions.