A Novel Approach for Controlling Mobile Sink in Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Network

Remarkable lifetime improvement has been revealed by controlling sink movement in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). This paper proposes a framework to be utilized in deadline-based and constant bit rate applications for maximizing lifetime of WSN where a sink can move in the network, freely. By dividing all sensor nodes into clusters, a Mini Data Collector (MDC) node which is responsible for data collection is selected in each cluster; then, the mobile sink must harvest sensory data from each MDC at some Harvesting-Points (HPs) in a specific deadline. Optimal transmission range and sending time of MDCs is strictly related to the prescribed deadline which is purely perceived as criticalness level of applications. Proposing a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) analytical model for maximizing lifetime of WSN in deadline-based applications through designing sink trajectory and determining mobile sink sojourn time at harvesting-points is the novelty of this paper. Comprehensive investigation on proposed algorithm parameters has been accomplished in simulation section and the proposed algorithm superiority to the stationary sink scheme and predefined trajectory algorithms has been revealed.