Comparison of Clonidine and Fentanyl Premedication on Hemodynamic Factors in Opium-Dependent Patients Under Endotracheal Intubation

Endotracheal intubation can increase sympathetic reflex activity result in blood pressure increase, arrhythmia and tachycardia. This study aimed to compare the effects of Clonidine premedication and Fentanyl on hemodynamic factors (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) in opium-dependent patients under endotracheal intubation. This single-blind clinical trial was done on 60 opium-dependent patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation in 2013 at operating room of 15 Khordad hospital. The samples were divided randomly into two equal groups receiving Clonidine and Fentanyl. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were compared before, immediately and 5min after intubation. Data were analyzed using Independent-T, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient tests by SPSS 16 Software. The mean heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure before endotracheal intubation in both groups was not statistically different (p>0.05) but the mean heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, immediately after intubation in both groups was maximum and showed significant difference statistically (p<0.001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure in Clonidine group, 5min after intubation significantly decreased compared with prior to intubation and showed significant difference to the Fentanyl group statistically (p<0.001). Using Fentanyl as a premedication before laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is less effective than Clonidine to control of hemodynamic parameters in opium-dependent patients.