Capacity Measuring of the Critic's Criticizing Instruments in Historical Studies

Criticism is an assessed aspect and the main essence of historical knowledge whosemeticulousenactment guarantees the renovation of the past، based on valid narrations. In fact، benefiting from advantages of history،as an epistemological resource، dependson trustworthiness of the data and the credibility of the incidents. The historian، for assessing the credibility of historical evidence and proof، needs somecriticizing instruments to provide him/herwith true and direct criteriaofrecognition and exploration. Considering the importance of the issue of historical criticism، the present article aims at introducing a number of efficient criticizing instruments in this field، and assessing their capabilitiesin reading texts and investigatingtheirdegree of authenticity and validity. This study indicates thebeyond-disciplinary nature of historical criticism and the important role it plays in interdisciplinary interactions in history. In this paper، examples of scientific achievements like chemistry، geology (in issueslike age assessment، historiography of historicalmaterials)، Hadith (rules and laws related to preferences، adjustments and so on)، Logic (principles related to error assessment and the issue of sophistries) have been selected as they have applications in historical criticism so that the explanation of the discussed issues would be accomplished convincingly.