The study of nutritional management of mother plant and seed priming by biofertilizers on improve salinity tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Sayonz at germination period

Salinity is one of the important factors that reduce the growth and yield of crops in Iran; however، determining appropriate methods for reducing its negative effects is important. In order to study the effects of nutritional condition of mother plant and bacterial biofertilizers seed priming on germination indices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)، in salinity condition، an experiment was conducted during 2009 at Faculty of Agriculture، Ferdowsi University of Mashhad، Iran. This experiment was conducted as factorial layout based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Studied factors consisted of: four levels of nitrogen fertilizer applied on mother plant in field (0، 55، 110 and165 Nitrogen kg. ha-1)، seed priming by three types of biofertilizers (Nitrajin، Biophosphouros and distillated water) and four levels of salinity stress (0، -0. 4، -0. 8 and - 1. 2 MPa). Results indicated that the seed priming with biofertilizers had a positive effect on germination indices of wheat. The maximum radicle number per seedling (2. 39)، radical length (5. 34 cm) andplumule length (3. 56 cm) were observed in seed primed by Nitrajin biofertilizer and the minimum of thosecharacteristics were shown in control. In addition، the lowest and highest mean germination time were obtained in seed priming by Biophosphouros (2. 89 day) and control (3. 42 day)، respectively. The highest germination indices were obtained at 55 and 110 kg. ha-1 Nitrogen. The maximum germination rate (2. 59. day-1)، number of radicle per seedling (2. 34)، radical length (5. 75 cm) and mean weight of radical (0. 0022 g) were obtained in seeds that were treated by 55 kg. ha-1 nitrogen on mother plant. So، all factors related to germination and growth seedling were decreased by increasing salinity stress. Over all، results indicated that use of 55-110 kg. ha-1 nitrogen with bacterial biofertilizers seed priming can improve germination indices under salinity stress conditions.