TEXTUALISTIC INVESTIGATION OF PLATO S POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

Plato، as the founder of “political Philosophy”، is the best example of a theorist’ attempt to understand the social disorders and to propose a solution for it. For Plato، to put Socrates on trial is a symptom of Athena’ “crisis” which should be examined and a solution should be presented. All of Plato’s attempt، especially in “The Republic” is to get rid of this crisis. But، Plato’ solution، as if it has happened a “miracle” in modern age، has been regarded as distinctive from all modern age thinkers’ solution and these thinkers has intended to reject Plato’ solution by ascribing it to the old age، age of ideals. In this treatise we want to achieve a “real historical understanding” of Plato’s political philosophy by sympathy with The Philosopher، that is، by approaching the method of understanding the text by text itself and avoiding from the two methods of “progressism” and “historicism” in understanding the political texts، methods which has been founded upon miracle based on the prejudice of the modern age. This method of investigation، especially in explaining Plato’s “ideas”، is basic in regarding to our intended purpose.