Offering a Practical Method for the Calibration of Phased Array Antennas

Nowadays the phased array antennas are considered of the newest and most advanced military and industrial antennas. This paper presents a simple and practical method for the calibration process for the first phase of a planar phased array antenna with dimensions 21×21 (441single-antenna) in which the ferrite phase shifters were used. This method assumed that the ferrite phase shifters are selected from the same family and when embedded in antenna circuit, they have independent and random interior initial phase. In the case for the correct operation it is necessary in the first, these phases find coordination towards to each other or the system is calibrated in terms of phase, and then exploited. The simulation results show that the proposed phase calibration procedures able to make closing of radiation antenna due to lack of coordination initial phase of phase shifters and approaches to ideal radiation pattern for the average 3dB in the azimuth direction and 2.4dB in the elevation planes.