The Analytical Inspection of the Procedure of Islam Arrival to Bokhara and Samarqand Cities. (41-132 Hejira)

By consideration of the history of two Cities of Bokhara and Samarqand it can be found that this cities in contemporary of pre-Islamic period of Iran have been one of the big cities of Soghdian province (Ancient Soghdiana) in the territory of Zarafshan river (Soghdian River) and beyond the Oxus River (Transoxiana) region. Without doubt، the importance of this two cites returns back to their settling in adjacency with the main commercial highways during long centuries of Islamic and pre-Islamic period. In the beginning half of the first Hejira the Muslims put their steps toward this cites following the conquering of Khorasan and different territories of Transoxiana. The main Omayyad commanders’ campaign to this cites until the time of Qatibeh Ibn Moslem Baheli (86-96 Hejira) was in the form of scattered and frontier invasions which the Arab commanders satisfied himself just only to cites’ conquest and obtaining the spoils of war. But by ruling of Qatibeh، the Arabs conquest reached to its climax and the Arab Muslim Armies attained to the ultimate range of their transgression to this cites. In the same direction، the present research has been attempted to make clear the procedure of Islam arrival to this regions and carefully scrutinize the effective reasons of this gradual entrance. It seems that in spite of the primary opposition of the governors of this cities، by lapsing of time they expressed their consent to compromise and capitulation in facing of Arabs and by this means they maintained their governmental positions. But the settlers of this cities continued to their oppositions against with Arab governments to the last moments and as a result they converted this cites as a centers of anti-Omayyad movements.