The possibility of wheat yield improvement by modifing the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus application methods and rate

In order to study the effects of nitrogen and phosphoruse application rate and methods on wheat yield, an experiment was performed as factorial, based on completely randomized design with three replications at Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, in 2009. Treatments included of nitrogen rate at three levels (100kg ha-1, 200 kg ha-1, 300 kg ha-1), phosphorus rate at two levels (100 kg ha-1, 200 kg ha 1) and two levels of application methods (Broadcast and Band). Phosphorus and nitrogen sources for fertilization were respectively super phosphate applied before wheat sowing and incorporated with soil and urea, applied in two phases 50 % pre plant) and (50 %) near wheat shooting. Results showed that the effect of fertilizers application methods were significant (p≤0.01) on wheat yield increasing. Band application of phosphorus and nitrogen were increased biomass and seed yield of wheat with nine and 15% respectively compared to their broadcast application. The interaction between the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus application rate with phosphorus and nitrogen application methods, showed that band application of fertilizers and the rate of application of 200kg/ha phosphorus and 300kg/ha nitrogen were the best methods in wheat yield improvement. In conclusion these results indicate that modifying fertilizers application methods and changing the rate of application, have important role in increasing fertilizers use efficiency.