The interaction effect of nitrogen and sulfur on bread wheat grain quantity and quality

Wheat crop has been one of the practical and strategic products and has been cultivated in most countries with suitable climates. This plant usually absorbs high amount of nitrogen during their growth periods، and the greater the amount of nitrogen absorbed، the highest dry matter and grain yield. In addition، the favorable effect of sulfur in salty and alkaline soils increases the yield and quantity of the grain. However، if the plant is faced with the sulfur shortage، the higher application of nitrogen does not influence the protein content of the grain. This research was conducted at Islamic Azad University، Karaj Branch Agricultural greenhouse during 2011 to investigate the interactions between nitrogen and sulfur on yield and quality of wheat. The research was designed based on factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 6 fertilizer treatments.، the manure treatment 3 treatments of fertilizer nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer treatments (3 nitrogen levels، 3 sulfur levels، each at 3 replicates). After soil preparation and adding nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer in wheat seed sown، finally in May - June 2012، the wheat was harvested. After harvesting، total weight، grain weight، grain weight and straw weight were measured and the content of nitrogen and sulfur in the grain was determined. Statistical analysis and the comparison of means by Duncan’s test indicated that the main effect of N on all traits except clusters was significant. The main effect of sulfur was significant for all traits except grain and interaction of sulfur and nitrogen was significant for all traits except panicle. Calculation of NUE showed that nitrogen use efficiency at the application rate of 100 kg N/ha (Level 1) is more than 150 kg N/ha (level 2). Calculation of NARF indicated that the received recycled nitrogen consumption (level 1) is less than (level 2).