Islamic conquests and the impact of fiscal policy on the agriculture in Khuzestan during Muslim-Arabs conquests

Since past, Khuzestan province is one of the most fruitful areas in agriculture aspect in Iran due of rich rivers and prolific lands. Hence, this area has played a vital role in agriculture for inhabitants due to historical reasons (like security, development activities of governments, financial and tax policies). Progress and recession of agriculture has been seen in each period of time. Triumph by Muslim Arabs can be considered as one of the key events in this province’s history. In the late of 15 AH, Muslim Arabs arrived this providence and could conquer it after two years fighting. Owing to the fact that most of this province was conquered by war, taxes were determined for farmers of Khuzestan. The question which this study is intending to answer can be expressed as, what is the effect of Khuzestan conquered by Muslim Arabs and their tax policy on agricultural situation in Khuzestan. The assumption of this research is opposite of popular opinion that conquered this providence by Muslim Arabs and their tax policy caused a decreasing trend in its agricultural but this decreasing began since the late Sassanid era and intensified with the invasion of Muslims. This research Method is analysis and descriptive on historical data of reliable sources using econometric method. The one of the important result in this study is that agricultural prosperity of a region can be calculated using tax rate by Clio metrics method. Other result is the Arab attack immediately didn’t cause of a general decline in agriculture in Khuzestan But this decline was the beginning of the second half of the first century AH.