Biochemical and Histopathological Study of the Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Liver in Rat

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most widely used materials in diverse industrial fields, for this reason most widely produced and Have many technological applications. The human body may be intentionally or unintentionally exposed to these nanoparticles. In this study, acute toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the liver enzymes and liver histopathology was evaluated. Fifty female rats with 180-220 grams of weight were divided into five groups, including control, Sham and Three groups with different doses of ZnO nanoparticle (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg twice a week for four weeks). The rats were then sacrificed and cholesterol, triglycerides, totalprotein, albumin and liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) were determined and livers were fixed in formalin processed, sectioned and stained with Hematoxylin- Eosin. After removal of the tissue, samples digestion and zinc concentrations were measured by atomic absorption; Finally Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. Also the most of the Zno nanoparticles absorption on the dose of 100 mg/kg was observed. Histopathological analysis of liver sections showed tissue damage, such as necrosis, congestion and vacuolar degeneration at a dose of 25 mg/ kg andin addition inflammatorycell infiltrationin doses 50 and 100 mg/kg was observed. In Serological studyalso increased serum ALT, AST and ALP Liver enzymes levels. Results of the present study showed the dose-dependent toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles on the liver; therefore exposure to nanoparticles can make serious risks in humans.