Tustari's method in the discovery and correction of distortions (Tahrif) and Tashifs in Qamus al_Rejal

The present article has considered the methods of Tustari in "Qamus-al-Rejal" about recognition and correction the distortions in "Tanqih al-maqal" by Allameh Mamqani and categorizes them by saying examples. Tustari's method for discovery and correction these distortions included two levels: in first level by criterions like narrations variances, disharmony in class narrators and mismatch of the hadith text with the rules of the Arabic language and writing, he expresses the possibility of distortion occurrence. Then for recognizing the correct text, he uses methods such as confronting hadith text in different books and preference one of them and also reference to more correct editions and original books, recognizing the class of narrators, genealogy, pay attention to mention or anonymity in rijal books and hadiths, oneness or multiplicity in the titles, individuation or unison in narrations. However, he sometimes uses several methods together or employs a method with the other solution way via compounded method. He has used method of confronting and comparison the different narrations more than other methods. Distortions that tustari has corrected them in Qamus-al-Rejal can put them in three classes: distortions that has been occurred by Mamqani, distortions that are in Kashshi's hadiths and distortions of the other books. Of course removing all these distortions doesn’t have affect in Rejal judgments and just removal some of them is necessary for correct Rejal judgment.