Marked Enlargement of Jaws in a Patient with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: A Case Report

Brown tumors of the jaws represent severe osteodystrophy in patients with end-stage renal failure. These tumors occur most often in long bones, although any bone can be involved. From a clinical perspective, brown tumors are rarely reported in the jaws.
Case report: Herein, we report the case of a hemodialysis patient with an unusual growth of masses in jaws following partial parathyroidectomy. The masses were diagnosed as brown tumor, based on clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings. The present case report is noteworthy, considering the patient’s medical history, site and size of lesions, unusual course of the disease, and occurrence of serious complications (dyspnea, dysarthria, and chewing dysfunctions).
Early detection of oral manifestations following hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal disease and diagnosis by a dentist is important for preventing further complications. Also, use of the term “expansive renal osteitis fibrosa” for describing tumoral lesions in patients with chronic renal disease is suggested by the researchers.