Marine Invertebrate's Stem Cell Culture: Biotechnology Prospects of Marine Stem Cells

Since marine invertebrate have many applications in medicine and biological sciences and pharmaceuticals because of valuable metabolites, in recent years related studies to marine invertebrate’s stem cells culture have dramatically increased. Stem cells Stem cells are considered as the progenitor cells of the body. In fact, culturing of these cells is a developed cell culture that maintains ability to proliferate throughout adult life from birth to death and also these stem cells are able to differentiate into different cell types. Unfortunately related researches to stem cells in marine invertebrates didn’t develop in the same manner of mammals and despite many efforts; mana cell lines have been not derived from these organisms yet. This would be due to the paucity of available resources as well as lack of maintaining of culture conditions that this is mainly due to lack of sufficient knowledge about the mechanisms and systems involved in maintaining their stemness. Many evidences have been reported about the presence of marine invertebrates’ stem cells in hydrozoans, crustaceans, echinoderms and real chordate so far. Understanding the suitable culture conditions and understanding the needs and providing appropriate cellular microenvironment will be the prospect of using this valuable resource. This systematic review will be present an overview of the concepts and activities related to marine invertebrates stem cells.