The combined effect of green manure of some inhibitory plants and paecilomyces lilacinus on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in tomato plants, under greenhouse conditions

Effects of aqueous extracts of plantain, castor, marigold and eruca on egg hatching and the mortality of second stage Juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita, was studied in vitro. Also the effects of their green manures (12 g/kg soil) and Paecilomyces lilacinus alone and in combination on the root-knot nematode and growth parameters of infected tomato (CV Early Urbana) in sterilized mixed soil and non-sterilized farm soil were studied, under greenhouse conditions. The results of in vitro test showed that all plants extracts increased the mortality of J2, and plantain and eruca reduced the egg hatching, significantly, and they had not negative effect on P. lilacinus. The result of greenhouse test in sterilized soil revealed that in the presence of the nematode, marigold- fungus spore suspension caused 140.5% increase in the shoot height of tomato plants. In addition, marigold treatments caused 11.4-11.8 and 20.1-23.1 folds and caster 10.0-10.1 and 10.0-17.7 folds in fresh and dried shoot weight, respectively. In non-sterilized soil, caster treatments with 47.9-67.5% and 32.4-140.5% increases in fresh and dried shoot weights have the highest effects. The nematode gall index in both tests was 4.2-5.0. Except for the treatment of plantain-fungus spore suspension with 84% decrease, the other treatments in sterilized soil test caused increases in the final population and reproduction factor of nematode. In non-sterilized soil, all treatments reduced gall and egg masses, but only plantain treatments and some of marigold and caster treatments reduced the reproduction factor of the nematode.