Sociological explanation of gender differences in depression: with emphasis on self-silence in family institution

This study evaluates the sociological approaches on gender differences in shaping and strengthening the depression of men and women. The key research question of this study is how do gender roles lead to varying levels of depression among married men and women? Theoretically, this study is based on a combination of the theories of role, power and gender, and self-silence. The research findings discussed in this article are based on a survey conducted in Tehran City. It includes a sample of 720 married men and women aged 20-45 years old. Generally speaking, the research results indicate the key fact that the level of depression varies substantially by male and female gender roles. This suggests that female gender roles increase the likelihood of being depressed, whereas male gender roles protect people against depression. Furthermore, the results show that the levels of self-silence and depression are positively and directly correlated.