The Causes of and Grounds for Refusing Imam Ali (PBUH)'s Guardianship in Fatima Al-Zahra (PBUH)'s Word

Whenever there is any inclination¡ or lack of it¡ towards an intellectual or cultural movement¡ there are reasons and grounds¡ such as psychological¡ social¡ rational and practical ones¡ which determine one''s direction towards a given course. After the coup of Saqifeh had occurred and the stance of each of the groups opposing to the leadership of the master of believers¡ Imam Ali (PBUH)¡ had been determined¡ Her Presence¡ the righteous and honest lady¡ Hadhrat Fatima Zahra (PBUH)¡ started to illustrate and explain the reasons and grounds behind the lack of faith in and submission to Imam Ali (PBUH)''s guardianship. Examining the sermons¡ dialogues and traditions by Her Presence Fatima (PBUH) in this regard¡ this study seeks to phenomenologically analyze that event of people''s lack of inclination towards Imam Ali (PBUH)''s Guardianship. These parameters are classified into two major categories¡ namely¡ external factors (historical-social) and internal ones (psychological-doctrinal-practical); then¡ they are discussed under five titles. The external factors leading to the refusal of the guardianship¡ or the violation of Qadir pledge¡ or the denial of Imam Ali''s Imamate are in fact the external events which¡ historically and socially¡ are considered as important and deliberative. On the other hand¡ the internal reasons which turned out to have been the birthplace of behavioral functions and outputs are from among the points reiterated in Her Presence Zahra (PBUH)''s words¡ and investigated here.