Effect of exercises in water on bone density in premenopausal women

Exercises are effective in bone density in different areas of the body when they can increase the mechanical load or dynamic pressure in those areas. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercises in water on bone density of premenopausal women.
This semi-experimental study was of pretest-posttest design. Twenty premenopausal women, between 40 to 45 years, were randomly selected in two groups of exercise in water and control group in the city of Hamadan in 2016. The experimental group completed 12 week exercise training, three times a week and 70 minutes per session. Before and after 12 weeks, femoral bone mineral density (Total Hip and Femoral Neck) in subjects were measured by DEXA bone mineral densitometry. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistics, dependent and independent t-test and ANCOVA on a significant level P Femoral bone density (total hip and femoral neck) in water training group compared with the control group showed a significant difference (P=0.002 and P=0.046). In control group decrease in bone density of the hip in total hip and femoral neck (P=0.004 and P=0.033) were observed.
Regarding the differences in the training in water group and the control group, weight-bearing exercises in water in premenopausal women are recommended, because it can prevent a decrease in bone mineral density stemming from aging in this period.