Transplantation of Cardiogenic Pre-Differentiated Autologous Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Mechanical Loading Improves Cardiac Function Following Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rabbit Model

Objective- Investigate myocardial performance after autologous adipose-derived (ASCs) mesenchymal stem cell differentiated under equiaxial cyclic strain, transplantation in rabbits with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Design- Prospective, randomized experimental study
Animals- 20 New Zealand White rabbits (2-3 kg)
Procedure- ASCs were studied in four distinct groups of mechanical (ADM), chemical (ADC), undifferentiated (AD) and control (C) groups. According to this categorization, the cells were exposed to cyclic mechanical loading or 5-azacytidine as the chemical factor. 10 6 ASC cells were transplanted intramyocardially in rabbits with AMI (Acute Myocardial Infarction). Echocardiographic study was used to evaluate effects of cells on cardiac function.
Results- Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly increased in the ADM (mechanically-differentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell) group at 2 months follow-up. Fractional shortening (FS) also showed a similar pattern as LVEF and increased in ADM group in compare to control and AD (undifferentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell) group.
Conclusion and clinical prevalence- The results indicate that intramyocardial transplantation of mechanically-differentiated ASCs improves cardiac function of ischemic myocardium. Transplantation of mechanically-differentiated ASCs for myocardial regeneration may become the future therapy for acute myocardial infarction.