Effect of hormone type and basal media strength on germination and Proliferation of Sanaz Rose (Rosa chinensis var. Elvis)

Rose as the queen of flowers, traditionally the human attention. Now Rose is one of the most popular flowers in the world and has the most production between flowers. Sanaz Rose one of Ornamental Rose varieties that, nowadays widely used in landscaping and park places. Sanaz Rose is one of several Rose species of our country is propageted by traditional methods to sell on the market. Because it’s production by traditional methods is are very slow and time-consuming and usually associated with various problems such as limitation of stock plant . This study sought to determine the optimum conditions for micropropagation of Sanaz rose through tissue culture.
Axillary and apical buds of the branches made from plants grown in pots were used as initial explants. Investigated media for the proliferation and regeneration included MS, MS/2 and MS/4, respectively. Hormones used was hormone BAP at concentrations of 0, 1, 3 and 5 mg/l and IBA at concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/l.experiments were conducted as a completely randomized design with 5 replications and repeated three times.
Results showed that MS media has the highest percentage of regeneration and treatments full strength MS media with 3 mg/l BAP hormone has the largest regeneration percent. The results also indicated that the highest shooting coefficient was in 5 mg/l BAP concentration. The combination treatment of basal medium MS/4 with 5 mg/l BAP and medium MS/4 with 0.5 mg/l IBA and 5 mg/l BAP showed the highest shoot induction. The results of the average length of the branches affected by culture medium , the concentration of IBA and BAP hormone concentrations showed that in the MS/4 containing 0.5 mg/l of IBA and 5 mg/l BAP has the shortest branch and MS medium without hormones had the longest shoots. Produced shoots were then transferred to different rooting media and were rooted successfully. Rooted plantlets are then transferred out of the lab and were adapted well to the ex vitro conditions.
According to the results of this research can see that MS basal media is a suitable media for Sanaz rose. Sanaz rose has good germination and proliferation in relatively high concentrations of cytokinins(BAP). With increasing in cytokinin concentrations of media, produced shoot number increased but shoot length decreased. The best shoot growth was observed in hormone free media.