Effective Factors in Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction Plan by Grounded Theory Technique

the lack of information and previous experiences of reconstructed areas is one of the most important deficiencies in reconstruction studies in Iran. It is obvious that acquiring experiences from previous reconstructions projects successes and failures can empower governors and executors to plan accurately, increase their readiness and prevent similar mistakes. The main objective of the present paper is to recognize reconstruction major issues after disasters, and then, register and classify unique specifications of reconstruction and the effect of the policies relevant to each recognized issue by studying reconstruction process of destroyed villages in Varzeghan earthquake in 2012.
the present study is based on descriptive and field research methodology which analysis the factors affecting reconstruction using “Grounded Theory”; in order to determine how these factors influence the reconstruction of Varzeghan some questions were asked through investigating previous studies and then, according to these questions, the available deeds and documents such as Housing Foundation Reports, registered events and published papers have been studied and also, exploratory interviews have been conducted with reconstruction specialists and experts engaged in Varzeghan earthquake reconstruction and affected people.
Findings: The appropriate policies were adopted in the Varzeghan earthquake for fast reconstruction and its termination before winter such as using steel structures, purchasing materials in bulk through the budget of executor organization before governmental credit deposit and tranferring it to the damaged regions, dividing affected zone into 11 districts, delegating responsibility for the reconstruction of each part to the given headquarters, delegating the right to decide to certain staff in terms of chosing the type of construct and using gable roof structures. However, due to hasty construction, safe-construction knowledge was not transferred and the buildings constructed after completion of reconstruction are usually vulnerable.
The results of this study indicate that utilizing an enforcer of reconstruction and the adoption of appropriate policies by him, it is possible to complete reconstruction in the least time with the participation of the people and cause construction of resistant buildings. In general, the level of readiness of government and society and predicting post-disaster challenges before it happens, can lead the planners to make right decisions at reconstruction time.