Detection alpha-lactalbumin and β-Lactoglobulin gene Polymorphism in East Azarbaijan province native buffalo using PCR-SSCP

Milk production traits and its components are quantitative and polygenic traits affected by many genes. This study was conducted to determine the polymorphism in alpha-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin genes using PCR-SSCP method in East Azarbaijan native buffalo. Milk samples were collected from 150 buffaloes of East Azarbaijan native province and then DNA samples were extracted using the pronase method. After DNA extraction specific primers were used for amplification of a 392 bp fragment of exon 1 and intron 2 of the alpha-lactalbumin gene and a 452 bp fragment of exon 2 of the β-lactoglobulin gene. To identify polymorphisms, the PCR products were electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gel (SSCP method) and stained with silver nitrate. Three different banding patterns were observed in samples 1, 2 and 3 for the alpha-lactalbumin gene (with 87.5%, 10.71% and 1.78% frequency) and five different band patterns were observed for the for the β-lactoglobulin gene, with 9.80%, 58.82%, 19.60, 9.80% and 1.96% frequency. The results indicate that the different patterns may be due to polymorphism in these fragments.