Conceptualism and Regionalism Planning Methods in the Iranian Architecture (Case Study: Distinctive Works of Different Eras in Tehran Architecture)

Event between architecture and earlier context is one of the most important issues in the field of architecture and urban planning. The issue originate from the ancient thinking about placement of building in vicinity of the adjacent ones. Concerning the valuable concepts, one may achieve worthwhile architecture tailored to its cultural and historic as context, through the reading of historical, cultural and social text. In this study, we are going to define the context and explain planning methods such as conceptualism and regionalism, which are direct response to planning background. In next section valuable buildings of different eras (from the first Pahlavi to modern times) have been selected, in order to recognize the time architects approaches to the context. In addition, the earlier context impressibility would be investigated in these buildings. The main problem of the study is the proof of the distinction between regionalism and conceptualism approaches. Research method is proportional to the hypotheses, i.e. analytical-comparative method. Data collection method and the instrument for achieving theoretical bases of the study including data related to backgrounds and approaches such as regionalism and conceptualism was library studies. Then analytical and comparative studies were applied to analyze the case studies, along with presence in the environment, field studies and photography. The results of the study reveal that regionalism and conceptualism planning methods are distinctive. That is conceptualism acts on smaller scale relative to the site and its neighborhood and regionalism acts in larger scale, at national and regional levels.