Muslim efforts to conquer Sardinia island from 1th Century AH to 5th AH

The aim of the present study is to investigate the causes and consequences of Muslims attacks to Sardinia Island. During 84-446 AH, Muslims attacked to Sardinia with different purposes including hampering the repeated naval Byzantine attacks to conquer coastal cities, penalizing Christian’s betrayers residing in Morocco, achieving economical and military resources of the island, and dominating over Mediterranean commercial sea. But they had little achievements and were of imposing Djizya on the kingdoms of islands in some periods only, while brought about considerable destruction of Islamic troops and spending vast amounts of military budget. Ultimately, the Muslims conquered Sardinia in the reign of Mudjāhid 'āmerī in 406AH, but it had not benefit; It was because Mudjāhid 'āmerī invaded to Genoa/Genova and Pizza coasts and looted the city of Luni before consolidating himself in Sardinia, followed by terrified the church and made Pop Benedetto Ottavo declare war against the Muslims. Finally, Italy ports and Byzantine unified thereafter and conquered Sardinia one year later.