How to Use Geometry and Separation of Spaces in Prehistoric Architecture in Iran

Geometry and mathematics are sciences that human beings have achieved and developed to explore the relationship between phenomena and give order to the environment around them. Architecture and urban space design are one of the most important fields that geometry and mathematics can be traced in the process of their formation. The purpose of this study is to understand this process through a survey of the prehistoric settlements. The main research question is on the connection between architecture and urban space design and technical progress of the early settlements. This research is based on descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods where data collection method has been documented and in some cases a survey has been carried out. The results show that in houses and urban communication network design in the ancient settlements, indirect and non-geometric lines and surfaces were used; these plans were not very different from that of the cave however, the use of straight lines and geometric shapes in architecture and urban space design expanded by the development of knowledge and different techniques in human society. Thus, a modular system based on geometry and mathematics developed and gradually separation of space and architectural and urban activities can be seen in architectural and urban spaces especially in Hegmataneh.