Comparison of Type1 diabetes mellitus and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults based on family history of diabetes

Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) is a form of autoimmune diabetes initially managed with oral hypoglycemic agents before becoming insulin requiring. One of the LADA risk factors is family history of diabetes (FHD) that less well understood. Our aim was investigate the influence of FHD on the incidence of LADA compared with those for type 1.
In this cross sectional study, 126 patients participated. Of these, 86 patients had type 2 diabetes and 40 persons were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The two groups compared for biochemical, anthropometric and clinical characteristics. The GADA, ICA and IA2A assessed by ELISA technique used for diagnosis of LADA patients. Then, LADA and T1DM patients compared regarding diabetes mellitus family history.
According to the findings this study, 26 (74.28%) patients with LADA and 17 (42.50%) patients with type 1 diabetes had a family history of diabetes. Also, a significant association was observed between family history of diabetes and LADA. Mean concentrations of C-peptide in LADA patients with a family history of diabetes was 0.62±0.22 and in those without a family history of diabetes was 1.05±0.43 ng/mL, showed significant differences (p= 0.001).
Our study indicates that family history of diabetes could be a risk factor for LADA and that the effect of family history may be mediated through a heritable reduction of insulin secretion.