The Economical Function of the Religion of Islam (the distribution of wealth and income)

One of the main discussions in the economical systems and schools is the way to distribute wealth and income among individuals. This subject is usually tied up with justice and although the criterion for just distribution is different in different schools, but they usually have tried to consider their criterion for the distribution of the resources to be fair. Although the socialistic system considers equal distribution fair and capitalism considers market's distribution fair, Islam's economic system – making people's essential differences customary because of their [different] talents and geographical positions and approving higher share for the one who makes more effort – gives a minimum portion to every individual to provide them an average life. These strategies are managed in three fields: initial distribution, distribution after production, and secondary distribution. Using the sources of deduction and applying an analytic-descriptive method of research, the criterion for the distribution in the above three fields from Islam's point of view is explained in this article. Researches show that the distribution of income and wealth in Islam's economic system is in the three fields of distribution before production, distribution after production, and another distribution on the basis of work and attempt on the one hand and need on the other hand, and will be a righteous system.